Causes of Sore Gums
Gum disease is a common cause of sore gums, but various factors may contribute to gum discomfort, including:
- Using a harsh toothbrush.
- Irritating brushing techniques that can damage gums. Opt for a soft-bristled toothbrush, as a hard-bristled one may be too abrasive to tooth enamel and can irritate gums. Brushing in a gentle circular motion is less likely to cause gum irritation.
- Rigorous flossing, which, if too forceful, can damage gums. It's recommended to use a gentle sliding action or try different flossing tools.
- Canker sores and mouth ulcers, which can appear anywhere in the mouth, including the gums.
Other reasons include:
- Underlying health conditions, such as diabetes, deficiency in vitamins B and C, etc.
- Hormonal changes.
- Certain medications.
- Certain dental devices (e.g., braces, dentures). Poorly fitting or deteriorating dental devices can cause gum damage. Maintenance methods, like denture solutions, may also adversely affect gums, causing tenderness, sores, or irritation.
- Teeth that are challenging to clean, such as crooked or impacted teeth.
- Temporary soreness after dental work.
Maintaining good oral hygiene is crucial in preventing gum pain. Regular brushing and flossing help reduce the risk of developing gum disease.
Gum Disease and Sore Gums
You often hear the term gum disease mentioned in relation to the need to maintain good oral hygiene. Gum disease is a term used to describe two gum conditions. Sore gums can be a sign of gum disease.
In its early stage, gum disease presents as gingivitis, a common and less severe condition. Inadequate oral hygiene practices allow food particles and bacteria to linger on teeth, forming a biofilm known as plaque. If not addressed, this plaque accumulates and hardens into tartar (calculus) within a few days. Importantly, tartar buildup cannot be eliminated through brushing and flossing alone, necessitating professional scaling and cleaning.
The consequences of plaque and tartar build-up are significant. Gingivitis may ensue, with tartar acting as a barrier that promotes bacteria collection at the gum line and causes gum irritation. Over time, persistent tartar presence leads to increased build-up and damage to the gums, resulting in inflammation, bleeding gums, gum tenderness, and compromised tooth stability. Left untreated, this condition can escalate, potentially resulting in tooth loss.
Should gingivitis go unaddressed, it can progress to sensitive gums, gum pain, degeneration of gum tissue, and eventually advanced stages of gum disease, known as periodontitis. This stage may involve tooth decay, leading to cavities. Ultimately, extensive dental treatment may be necessary to attempt to save the compromised tooth.
Preventing Sore Gums
The best preventative measure for sore gums is good oral hygiene. That means effective brushing and flossing regularly. Other strategies include:
- eating a well balanced diet
- drinking water
- monitor your stress levels
- have your dental devices regularly reviewed and adjusted if necessary
- regular dental check-up
- have a professional scale and cleaning every 6 months
